Symptoms in children can include lethargy, sedation and seizure. The rise of edible cannabis products has been responsible for a large increase of poisoning of children and young people: in American states which have legalized cannabis, emergency room admissions of such cases have typically doubled. Edible forms of cannabis often contain several hundred milligrams of THC, much more than the 32 mg of a typical cannabis cigarette. When cannabis is smoked, blood levels of THC peak rapidly after a few minutes and then decline, although the psychotropic effects persist for longer. Long-term users can produce positive tests for two to three months after ceasing cannabis use (see drug test). The THC molecule, and related compounds, are usually detectable in drug tests from 3 days up to 10 days according to Redwood Laboratories. Most cannabinoids are lipophilic (fat soluble) compounds that are easily stored in fat, thus yielding a long elimination half-life relative to other recreational drugs. THC is converted rapidly to 11-hydroxy-THC, which is also pharmacologically active, so the euphoria outlasts measurable THC levels in blood. CBD is believed to regulate the metabolism of THC by inactivating cytochrome P450 enzymes that metabolize drugs one such mechanism is via generation of carbon monoxide (a pharmacologically active neurotransmitter) by upon metabolism of CBD. There are similar compounds in cannabis that do not exhibit psychoactive response but are obligatory for functionality: cannabidiol (CBD), an isomer of THC cannabivarin (CBV), an analog of cannabinol (CBN) with a different side chain, cannabidivarin (CBDV), an analog of CBD with a different side chain, and cannabinolic acid. Another psychoactive cannabinoid present in Cannabis sativa is tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV), but it is only found in small amounts and is a cannabinoid antagonist. Some varieties, having undergone careful selection and growing techniques, can yield as much as 34% THC. The most prevalent psychoactive substances in cannabis are cannabinoids, particularly THC. Ĭhemistry The structural formula of tetrahydrocannabinol Tetrahydrocannabivarin Cannabidiol Cannabinol Cannabivarin Cannabidivarin Cannabinoids and cannabinoid receptors Ĭannabis use disorder is defined as a medical diagnosis in the fifth revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM-5). Smoking any substance could possibly carry similar risks as smoking tobacco due to carcinogens present in all smoke, and the ultimate conclusions on these factors are disputed. In the United States, medical cannabis research is limited by federal restrictions. Some of these products are currently in development as cannabis antidotes. Cannabinoid receptor antagonists have previously been tested as antidotes for cannabis intoxication with success, reducing or eliminating the physiological and psychological effects of intoxication. Although some assert that cannabidiol (CBD), another cannabinoid found in cannabis in varying amounts, may alleviate the adverse effects of THC that some users experience, little is known about CBD effects on humans. Different plants of the genus Cannabis contain different and often unpredictable concentrations of THC and other cannabinoids and hundreds of other molecules that have a pharmacological effect, so the final net effect cannot reliably be foreseen.Īcute effects while under the influence can sometimes include euphoria or anxiety. The effects of cannabis are caused by chemical compounds in the cannabis plant, including 113 different cannabinoids such as tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and 120 terpenes, which allow its drug to have various psychological and physiological effects on the human body. Effects resulting from the use of cannabis
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |